demographics of mauritius pdf

[206] The Metro Express railway currently links all five cities and the University of Mauritius at Rduit with planned expansion to the east and south. PDF Government of Mauritius - [73] Around that time, two eminent British academics, Richard Titmuss and James Meade, published a report of the island's social problems caused by overpopulation and the monoculture of sugar cane. Local and renewable energy sources are biomass, hydro, solar and wind energy. [17] France took control in 1715, renaming it Isle de France. Who is contributing to deforestation abroad? Mauritius is a democracy with a government elected every five years. [99], The MSMPMSDML coalition was victorious at the 2014 elections under Anerood Jugnauth's leadership. [120], Mauritius has long sought sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago, located 1,287km (800mi) to the north-east. Mauritius Island (Mauritian Creole: Isle Moris; French: le Maurice, pronounced[il mis]) is relatively young geologically, having been created by volcanic activity some 8 million years ago. The principles of Arya Samaj began to infiltrate the Hindu community, who clamoured for more social justice. That is 35 per day, which is ranked 165th. [188], Mauritius has one of the largest exclusive economic zones in the world, and in 2012 the government announced its intention to develop the marine economy. PDF Population and Vital Statistics Republic of Mauritius, January June 2022 Mauritius Demographics 2023 (Population, Age, Sex, Trends - Worldometer The Dutch East India Company brought them to cut down ebony trees and to work in the new tobacco and sugar cane plantations. The estimated population of the Republic of Mauritius was at 1,265,985, of whom 626,341 were males and 639,644 females as at 1 July 2019. [203] The forecast of tourist arrivals for the year 2019 is maintained at 1,450,000, representing an increase of 3.6% over the figure of 1,399,408 in 2018. [179] As of January 2017, the government has introduced changes to the education system with the Nine-Year Continuous Basic Education programme, which abolished the Certificate of Primary Education (CPE). This article is about the African island nation in the Indian Ocean. Mauritius has a hybrid legal system derived from British common law and the French civil law. Most Mauritians are multilingual, speaking English, French, Creole and Asian languages. [145] The president is elected for a five-year term by the Parliament. [34] In early 1729, Indians from Pondicherry, India, arrived in Mauritius aboard the vessel La Sirne. [169] The Creole languages which are spoken in different islands of the country are more or less similar: Mauritian Creole, Rodriguan creole, Agalega creole and Chagossian creole are spoken by people from the islands of Mauritius, Rodrigues, Agalga and Chagos. Statistics - Republic of Mauritius Eugnie Poujade, Marie-Thrse Humbert, Malcolm de Chazal, Ananda Devi, Shenaz Patel, Khal Torabully, Jean-Marie Le Clzio, Aqiil Gopee, Dev Virahsawmy, south-african born Lindsey Collen-Seegobin writing in english and french and Abhimanyu Unnuth writing in hindi are some of the most prominent Mauritian writers. [64][65] Social worker and leader of the Jan Andolan movement Basdeo Bissoondoyal organised the funeral ceremonies of the four dead labourers. 5 Namibia has twice the population and 400 times the land . Mauritius demography.png 725 426; 17 KB. The Tribunal's decision determined that the UK's undertaking to return the Chagos Archipelago to Mauritius gives Mauritius an interest in significant decisions that bear upon possible future uses of the archipelago. 0.52 million people are living in urban areas, which is 40.78% of Mauritius population. The principal tourist markets were France (21.8%), United Kingdom (10.2%) and Reunion Island (9.9%). Brenger was the first Franco-Mauritian Prime Minister in the country's post-Independence history. [115], The Chagos Archipelago is composed of atolls and islands, and is located approximately 2,200 kilometres north-east of the main island of Mauritius. Led by the Economic Development Board (EDB), the preparation of the SDG Investor Map followed extensive research and consultations with the public and private sector to identify 17 investment opportunity areas across 6 priority sectors, namely Renewable . [164] The state actively participates in their organisation with special committees presiding over the pilgrimage to Ganga Talao for Maha Shivaratri and the annual Catholic Procession to Jacques-Dsir Laval's resting place at Sainte-Croix.[165]. The media and literature are primarily in French. [23][24] Indo-Mauritians make up the bulk of the population with significant Creole, Sino-Mauritian and Franco-Mauritian minorities. The island of Rodrigues is a single district that returns two members. A Constitutional Review Conference was held in London in 1961, and a programme of further constitutional advance was established. The French took control of Mauritius in 1715, renaming it Isle de France. As at end 2019, the female population was higher than the male population by 13,431. [14][15] In 1507, Portuguese sailors visited the uninhabited island with the island appearing with the Portuguese names Cirne or Do-Cerne on early Portuguese maps. Over 100 species of plants and animals have become extinct and many more are threatened. In 1959, Harold Macmillan had made his famous "Wind of Change Speech" in which he acknowledged that the best option for Britain was to give complete independence to its colonies. [56], The Uba riots of 1937 resulted in reforms by the local British government that improved labour conditions and led to the un-banning of labour unions. The 'Active Mauritius' strategy developed and implemented by the Mauritius Sports Council (MSC) is aligned with the philosophy underpinning the National Sport and Physical Activity Policy 2018-2028. [186], In recent years, information and communication technology, seafood, hospitality and property development, healthcare, renewable energy, and education and training have emerged as important sectors, attracting substantial investment from both local and foreign investors. 1. In both islands, females outnumbered males. Demographic features of the population of Mauritius include population density, ethnicity, education level, the health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. In 2005 elections, Navin Ramgoolam became PM under the new coalition of LabourPMXDVFMRMMSM. Mauritius is proud to be a signatory to the UN Convention on the Rights of . The arrival of humans saw the introduction of invasive alien species, the rapid destruction of habitat and the loss of much of the endemic flora and fauna. (2021) Absolute number of deaths from ambient particulate air pollution. The British colony of Mauritius included Rodrigues, Agalga, St. Brandon, the Chagos Archipelago, and, until 1906, the Seychelles. [68][69], Guy Rozemont's Labour Party won the majority of the votes[70] with 11 of the 19 elected seats won by Hindus. [166] English and French are generally considered to be de facto national and common languages of Mauritius, as they are the languages of government administration, courts, and business. [60], At the outbreak of World War II in 1939, many Mauritians volunteered to serve under the British flag in Africa and the Near East, fighting against the German and Italian armies. The Sex Ratio in Mauritius in 2021 is 97.24 males per 100 females. PDF MAURITIUS Industrialisation began to spread to villages as well, and attracted young workers from all ethnic communities. Has country already reached SDG target on clean cooking fuels? Mauritius Population (2023) - Worldometer Dr. Eugne Laurent, mayor of Port Louis, was the leader of this new group; his party, Action Librale, demanded that more people should be allowed to vote in the elections. The Mascarene Islands were named after Pedro Mascarenhas, Viceroy of Portuguese India, after his visit to the islands in 1512. There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. As at 1 July 2021, the population of the Republic of Mauritius was estimated at 1,266,334, with 626,177 males and 640,157 females. Although there is no marked rainy season, most of the rainfall occurs in the summer months. NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. [25] Mauritius is also the continent's only country with very high Human Development Index and the World Bank, classifies it as a high-income economy. [150] The island of Mauritius is subdivided into nine districts, which are the country's second-order administrative divisions. During the debate, the Mauritian Prime Minister described the expulsion of Chagossians as "a crime against humanity". It was viewed 5 times while on Public Inspection. In 1969, the opposition party, Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM), was founded, led by Paul Brenger. In 1982 an MMM-PSM government (led by PM Anerood Jugnauth, Deputy PM Harish Boodhoo and Finance Minister Paul Brenger) was elected. There are people over age 18 in Mauritius. (life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined), Copyright Worldometers.info - All rights reserved -, Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy, GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of Mauritius, World Population Prospects: The 2022 Revision, World Urbanization Prospects - Population Division, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). [26] It ranks highly among the most competitive and most developed economies in the African region. Mauritius Demographics. [34] Several attempts to establish a colony permanently were subsequently made, but the settlements never developed enough to produce dividends, causing the Dutch to abandon Mauritius in 1710. Mauritius also contains substantial populations from continental Africa, China, France ,and the East African island nation of Madagascar. Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] [Population ages 16-64]) 100, Elderly dependency ratio Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] [Population ages 16-64]) 100, Total dependency ratio Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios. [132] The resolution also has immediate practical consequences: the UN, its specialised agencies, and all other international organisations are now bound, as a matter of UN law, to support the decolonisation of Mauritius even if the UK claim that it has no doubt about its sovereignty. The UK leased the main island of the archipelago, Diego Garcia, to the United States under a 50-year lease to establish a military base. "This continued administration constitutes a wrongful act", he said, adding "The UK has an obligation to bring to an end its administration of the Chagos Archipelago as rapidly as possible and that all member states must co-operate with the United Nations to complete the decolonization of Mauritius. PDF Population and Vital Statistics Republic of Mauritius, January June 2021 Gross earnings from tourism amounted to Rs 17,664 million. Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha, Indo-Mauritian 68%, Creole 27%, Sino-Mauritian 3%, Franco-Mauritian 2%, English (official), Creole, French (official), Hindi, Urdu, Hakka, Bhojpuri, Contraceptive Prevalence Rate - female 15-49, Drinking Water Source - percent of rural population improved, Drinking Water Source - percent of total population unimproved, Drinking Water Source - percent of urban population improved, Hospital Bed Density - beds/1,000 population, Infant Mortality Rate - female deaths/1,000 live births, Infant Mortality Rate - male deaths/1,000 live births, Infant Mortality Rate - total deaths/1,000 live births, Maternal Mortality Rate - deaths/100,000 live births, Physicians Density - physicians/1,000 population, Sanitation Facility Access - percent of total population unimproved, Sanitation Facility Access - percent of urban population improved, Sanitation Facility Access - percent of rural population improved, Total Fertility Rate - children born/woman, Sex Ratio of Total Population - male/female, Total School Life Expectancy - (primary to tertiary). Mauritian cuisine is a combination of Indian, Creole, French and Chinese, with many dishes unique to the island. There were 106 hotels in operation with a total room capacity of Many Mauritians volunteered to fight in Europe against the Germans and in Mesopotamia against the Turks. These islands emerged as a result of gigantic underwater volcanic eruptions that happened thousands of kilometres to the east of the continental block made up of Africa and Madagascar. There are some isolated mountains, Corps de Garde, Le Morne Brabant, and several offshore islands, with remnants of coastal and mainland diversity. On average, the number of people engaged per unit equals 2.3. Land Mauritius More than 30,000 workers sacrificed a day's wage and came from all over the island to attend a giant meeting at the Champ de Mars. PDF Population and Vital Statistics - Mauritius Please consult our full legal disclaimer. PDF MAURITIUS - The World Factbook There were not enough high-quality secondary colleges to answer the growing demand of primary school leavers who had got through their CPE (Certificate of Primary Education). In Mauritius, the shift is taking place as the overall population shrinks. [11] Since 1971, only the atoll of Diego Garcia is inhabited, home to some 3,000 UK and US military and civilian contracted personnel. Sea temperature in the lagoon varies from 2227C (7281F). School students must learn English and French; they may also opt for an Asian language or Mauritian Creole. EDUCATION [113] Just off the Mauritian coast lie some 49 uninhabited islands and islets, several of which have been declared natural reserves for endangered species. It is home to a number of international banks, legal firms, corporate services, investment funds and private equity funds. The electrification of Port Louis took place in 1909, and in the same decade the Mauritius Hydro Electric Company of the Atchia Brothers was authorised to provide power to the towns of upper Plaines Wilhems. The country spans 2,040 square kilometres (790sqmi) and has an exclusive economic zone covering 2,300,000 square kilometres (670,000 square nautical miles). Mauritius: Addressing Inequality through More Equitable Labor Markets The prevailing trade winds keep the east side of the island cooler and bring more rain. Mauritius has also a special operations military known as 'GIPM' that would intervene in any terrorist attack or high risk operations. In 1796 the settlers broke away from French control when the government in Paris attempted to abolish slavery. In 2002, the island of Rodrigues became an autonomous entity within the republic and was thus able to elect its own representatives to administer the island. Following the Kaya riots, President Cassam Uteem and Cardinal Jean Margot toured the country and calm was restored after four days of turmoil. The dispatch of the 1MR proved to be politically unpopular on the basis of some troops resenting conscription and the battalion overseas comprising solely non-white troops, exacerbating racial tensions in the country. Mauritius has a multi-party system. All the public holidays related to religious festivals have dates that vary from year to year except for Christmas. "[130], On 22 May 2019, the United Nations General Assembly debated and adopted a resolution that affirmed that the Chagos Archipelago, which has been occupied by the UK for more than 50 years, "forms an integral part of the territory of Mauritius". In 2018, Mauritian president Ameenah Gurib-Fakim resigned over a financial scandal. [77], At the Lancaster Conference of 1965, it became clear that Britain wanted to relieve itself of the colony of Mauritius. Jugnauth travelled to New Delhi to attend a Non-Aligned Movement summit; on his return, Brenger proposed constitutional changes that would strip power from the Prime Minister. This article is about the demographic features of the population of Mauritius, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. They worked on sugar estates, factories, in transport and on construction sites. The islands of Agalga, St Brandon and the Chagos Archipelago were also not specifically mentioned in the Treaty of Paris but became part of the British Colony of Mauritius as they were dependencies of Isle de France at that time. In January 1968, six weeks before the declaration of independence the 1968 Mauritian riots occurred in Port Louis leading to the deaths of 25 people. In 1810, the United Kingdom seized the island, and four years later, under the Treaty of Paris, France ceded Mauritius and its dependencies to the United Kingdom. [212], Mauritius is remembered in literature mostly for the novel Paul et Virginie, a classic of French Literature, by Bernardin de Saint-Pierre and for Alice's Adventures in Wonderland's Dodo. These include part of Government House, the Chteau de Mon Plaisir, and the Line Barracks, the headquarters of the police force. More recent years have witnessed the demolition of plantations, residences, and civic buildings as they have been cleared or drastically renovated for new developments to serve an expanding tourism industry. [114] Rodrigues is a volcanic island rising from a ridge along the edge of the Mascarene Plateau. Former privately owned industrial railways have been abandoned since the 1960s. [57][58] Labour Day was celebrated for the first time in 1938. France officially ceded Mauritius including all its dependencies to Britain through the Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 May 1814 and in which Runion was returned to France. Mauritius claims sovereignty over Tromelin island, though it is registered as a part of France. The tertiary education sector includes universities and other technical institutions in Mauritius. This statistic shows the age structure in Mauritius from 2011 to 2021. In the post-war recession, there was a sharp drop in sugar prices. Our World in Data is free and accessible for everyone. In the same year, there was a move by the procureur-general to abolish slavery without compensation to the slave owners. Demographic features of the population of Mauritius include population density, ethnicity, education level, the health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. [116], St. Brandon, also known as Cargados Carajos Shoals, is located 402 kilometres (250mi) northeast of Mauritius Island.
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