A wide range of Arab food is vegetarian and vegan. Scarborough, P., Clark, M., Cobiac, L. et al. Vegetarian Recipes for Meat Eaters by Ericka Smits is a wonderful book of recipes for those who normally eat meat, but would like to eat more vegetables, nuts, healthy oils etc. Poll Conducted for the Vegan Society. The results of our sensitivity analyses where we did not standardize diets to 2,000kcald1 are shown in Supplementary Section 3 (with equivalent results for the regression-based results in Supplementary Section 2). However, the new study instead looks at the dissonance vegetarians experience between their rejection of eating meat and willingness to eat NMAPs, which often have the same result (the suffering and, indeed, death of animals). contracts here. 13 of the Best Vegetarian and Vegan Protein Sources - Cleveland Clinic January 29, 2021 / Nutrition 13 of the Best Vegetarian and Vegan Protein Sources Turn to these foods for plant protein When you think of protein, a big piece of steak or an omelet with bacon might come to mind. Sounds like a wonderful second date to me. Article conceived of and designed the experiments. Interventions targeting conscious determinants of human behaviour to reduce the demand for meat: a systematic review with qualitative comparative analysis. Cassidy, E. S., West, P. C., Gerber, J. S. & Foley, J. Why's that? We estimated marginal results from a regression analysis adjusted for age and gender, where environmental indicators are fixed at the median level from the Poore and Nemecek database. Content provided by Ingredia SA | 14-Jun-2023 However, according to Devon Docherty, one of the papers authors, this is not used as a justification when it comes to NMAPs. In addition, we split the meat-eaters into three groups based on amount of daily consumption: low meat-eaters (0 to <50gd1), medium meat-eaters (50 to <100gd1) and high meat-eaters (100gd1). Go to Recipe. Vegetarian and vegan diets are increasingly popular and have been found to have numerous health benefits,including lower glucose and cholesterol levels. This is perhaps the most classic and easy-to-make supper option for a mixed crowd. (Vegans, vegetarians and fish-eaters respond No. We have also analysed the data separately for men and women and did not find any differences for any environmental indicators in our primary analyses. Um, well, I don't do like much to ensure that, said one subject,but I just consider it that the place has the right regulations and things are done in the proper way. In other words, accounting for region of origin and methods of food production does not obscure the differences in the environmental impacts between diet groups. J. 370, m2322 (2020). | Infographic. Willett, W. Nutritional Epidemiology 3rd edn (Oxford Univ. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Keep your eye out for salads, veggie burgers and pastas. 1. "This is a great veggie burger!! Use this form if you have come across a typo, inaccuracy or would like to send an edit request for the content on this page. Internet Explorer). The results shown in Figs. Eutrophication potential measured in g of PO4e, gPO4e (combining the eutrophication potential of major nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants). Updating our analyses using more timely data will provide evidence of whether trends in new meat and dairy alternatives have affected the environmental impact of plant-based diets. or. That's not to say that we need these products for our survival anymore, though.. Article Some people follow a largely vegetarian diet because they can't afford to eat meat. Ratios of the environmental impact are presented, with high meat-eaters as the baseline group. Chapter 2 (UK Government, 2018); https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/718903/childhood-obesity-a-plan-for-action-chapter-2.pdf. Google Scholar, Climate Change and Land (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2020); https://www.ipcc.ch/srccl/. Global guidance on environmental life cycle impact assessment indicators: impacts of climate change, fine particulate matter formation, water consumption and land use. Subjects would often justify their consumption by referencing more ethical farming practices, such as free-range, although admit that they did not know enough about these to make an informed decision. For our estimates, the contribution to CO2e of N2O is about 7% for all diet groups, and for CH4 the contribution increases from 6% in vegans to 21% in high meat-eaters. Flow chart shows how data from different sources have been linked for these analyses. The subjects of the study did not focus extensively on the idea of necessity (except when it came to the consumption of eggs), but instead the pleasure associated with cheese, as well as the social pressures linked to the consumption of meat. Here, however, using the alternative pulse-emission metrics explored in this study did not greatly affect results, with a fairly small change in total footprints and relative performance between dietary groups. You'll all be eating 90% the same, so there won't be too many additional pans to wash. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Nature Food (Nat Food) Biodiversity impact, which is measured as the number of species destined for extinction as a result of agricultural practices. Brondizio, E. S., Settele, J., Daz, S. & Ngo, H. T. (eds) Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES Secretariat, 2019). PubMed 72, 619643 (1994). For a quick bite on-the-go, . 11 Vegetarian Meals That Are Just As Filling As Meat Res. And he is a meat lover. The substantial impact of the global food system on the environment is well established. There are two basic kinds of vegetarian diet: lacto-ovo and strict (vegan). & Nemecek, T. Reducing foods environmental impacts through producers and consumers. The information you enter will appear in your e-mail message and is not retained by Phys.org in any form. Lentils and mushrooms stand in deliciously for ground beef in this hearty bolognese sauce. 21-Jul-2023 There are many population-level interventions that could be implemented to support transitions towards lower meat diets. The study interviewed 12 vegetarians on their motives for eating eggs and dairy when they were aware that these practices often had similar results for the animals as meat consumption. The marginal results are equivalent to the age and gender standardized results from the primary analysis but only incorporate uncertainty from sampling variance. 100, 490S495S (2014). Vegans, vegetarians, fish-eaters and meat-eaters in the UK show Food technology is the way forward when it comes to replacing traditional animal proteins., Sourced From: Appetite 'The cheese paradox: How do vegetarians justify consuming non-meat animal products? Previous scenario modelling work has shown that global improvements in food technology, closure of yield gaps and reductions in food waste could potentially reduce dietary GHG emissions by about 15%, primarily through adoption of more efficient technologies in low- and middle-income countries7. Transparency and supply chain mild curry powder 37 Healthy Kid Friendly Vegetarian Dinner Recipes Aleksandrowicz, L., Green, R., Joy, E. J. M., Smith, P. & Haines, A. The paper uses only empirical measures of diet, thereby verifying previous modelling work that has suggested multiple environmental benefits of low-meat diets7,8,27. 30 Vegan Recipes to Impress a Carnivore- The Big Man's World We matched with 4,015 unique food and drink products. The estimates presented here are slightly lower for plant-based diet groups and slightly higher for meat-eating groups. Even my carnivore husband loves it." googletag.display('text-ad1'); The UK Health Alliance on Climate Change recommends that sustainable diets should be supported by mandatory environmental labelling on foods, regulation of promotions and taxation of high-carbon foods21. However, we do not guarantee individual replies due to the high volume of messages. View this recipe. By clicking Sign up, you agree to receive marketing emails from Insider Per unit of food consumed, meat and dairy has anywhere from three to 100 times the environmental impact of plant-based foods. Google Scholar. { Lett. LADYJAYPEE, "This is an authentic, really rich pie stuffed with spinach, onions, cheeses, and herbs that are all enfolded by crispy, flaky phyllo dough." Environ. As kilocalorie intake varies by age and gender, and these variables also vary by diet group, standardizing the kilocalorie intake also protects our results from confounding. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. We found that even the least sustainable vegan diet was still more environmentally-friendly than the most sustainable meat eater's diet. Dietary assessment was conducted using a 130-item FFQ that assesses the usual levels of consumption of food items over the previous 12months. Thanks for such a healthy, low-cost recipe that I will be making over and over!" We know that meat has a substantial impact on the planet, and that plant-based diets are more environmentally sustainable. For the remaining 157 foods, we matched on keywords with products from the food and drinks in the foodDB data extract. ", "My husband, not a lover of meatless dinners, raved about this chili! 12 Best Vegetarian Meals for Meat Eaters vegetarian Jump to Recipe by Sonja Overhiser Buy Our Cookbook Here are the best vegetarian meals for meat eaters to satisfy even the most passionate carnivores. Innovation and NPD By Bon Apptit November 6, 2021. We keep our content available to everyone. For both GHG emissions and land use, that study40 found the same relationship as shown in our paper, with lowest environmental impact for vegans, similar impact for vegetarians and fish-eaters, and highest impact for meat-eaters. This measure is not usually used to assess the potential biodiversity impact of diets consumed by a single individual on a single day. NAL. Planning an entire menu to please the whole family will be a breeze now, starting with this hearty and satisfying stuffed cabbage, which is sure to impress vegetarians and meat eaters alike. Google Scholar. SILVERWOLF, "Very yummy. Managing Systems at Risk (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2011). https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-enshrines-new-target-in-law-to-slash-emissions-by-78-by-2035, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/environment-bill-2020, https://www.theccc.org.uk/publication/2021-progress-report-to-parliament/, https://www.nationalfoodstrategy.org/the-report/, https://s41874.pcdn.co/wp-content/uploads/all-consuming-report.pdf, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/718903/childhood-obesity-a-plan-for-action-chapter-2.pdf, https://plantbasedhealthprofessionals.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Plant-Based-Eatwell-Guide-0523.pdf, https://www.kantarworldpanel.com/global/Sectors/FMCG, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/943114/NDNS_UK_Y9-11_report.pdf, https://www.ceu.ox.ac.uk/research/feeding-the-future-study-feed, https://www.ipsos.com/ipsos-mori/en-uk/vegan-society-poll, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13476666, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Cancel Worried that being vegetarian means you can only eat salad? 4.86 from 61 votes $7.07 recipe / $1.18 serving Get the Recipe By subscribing . Vegan Meals for Meat Eaters: 10 Vegan Recipes for Meat Lovers Press, 2013). dataLayer.push(dataLayerNews); The content is provided for information purposes only. vOut +=', '; One particularly good source of vitamin B12 in algae comes from chlorella, which more reliably has B12 than other types of algae. For example, the biodiversity impact of vegetarian diets is estimated to be 64.8% of high meat-eaters, but the uncertainty interval (24.5102.3%) overlap with parity between the groups. analysed the data. What if the dough dropped through the grill? We first ascertained the relevant food codes corresponding to the 130-item FFQ using the UK foods composition tables available at the time of data collection; this yielded 289 foods codes49,50. There were parallel effects on freshwater pollution and biodiversity loss by diet type. Nature Food thanks the anonymous reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work. C. Stewart (previously of the Nuffield Department of Primary Health Care Sciences at Oxford University; now at the University of Edinburgh) kindly re-analysed NDNS data to help with scaling our estimates of the impact of the food system to the UK population. part may be reproduced without the written permission. 55 Slides Mike Garten Whether you're going vegetarian full-time or just trying to eat less meat (hello, Meatless Mondays! googletag.cmd.push(function () { 2 and Supplementary Table 8). Peter Scarborough. An additional contribution of our research was providing disaggregated GHG emissions and exploring multiple CO2-equivalence metrics, whereas most previous studies report only GWP100 CO2e. While we included multiple environmental indicators in our analyses, there are other ethical aspects that vary by region and method of agricultural production that are not included here (for example, agricultural working conditions, animal welfare). This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust, Our Planet Our Health (Livestock, Environment and PeopleLEAP) (grant number 205212/Z/16/Z), Cancer Research UK (grant number C8221/A29017) and the UK Medical Research Council (grant number MR/M012190/1). The median number of product matches was 11, ranging from 1 for frozen mousse to 500 for chips. Many vegetarians choose not to consume meat for ethical reasons, believing that harming and killing animals simply to provide humans with food is wrong. They may even ask for seconds! Vegan Baked Oatmeal (11 Ways!) Figure 3 shows how this uncertainty propagates, with far wider uncertainty intervals for water use and biodiversity impact than for other measures. People who ate less than 1.7 ounces of meat accounted for about half that amount, or about 11.8 pounds of carbon dioxide emissions, while fish eaters accounted for 10.4 pounds of carbon dioxide a day, and vegetarian diets produced 9 pounds of carbon dioxide daily. Your feedback is important to us. Davey, G. et al. For two normal 16 dice (which have no skew), the median score when rolling two dice is 7, which is twice the median score for rolling each dice separately (3). All of the results that compare environmental measures by diet group have been standardized by the age and gender breakdown in the full EPIC-Oxford sample, so that the influence of age and gender are removed from comparisons. Recipes 43 Vegetarian Recipes Everyone Will Love Going meatless? Point estimates for vegan diets were associated with less than half of the impact of high-meat-eater (>100gd1) diets for all indicators, and 95% uncertainty intervals were below 50% for all outcomes except water use and biodiversity. P.S. Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits. Publishers note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Content provided by Solina | 02-Jun-2023 You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. 2 and 3. Recruited individuals were then encouraged to recruit acquaintances. Health 2, e451e461 (2018). These were the GTP100 (CH4 conversion factor = 11, N2O=297), suggested as representing longer-term climate impacts, and the GWP20 (CH4 conversion factor = 86, N2O=268), suggested as providing insight into very short-term impacts. Uncertainty due to region of origin and methods of food production do not obscure these differences between diet groups and should not be a barrier to policy action aimed at reducing animal-based food consumption. 23, 21892207 (2018). Makes me also immediately think of tacos? Researchers examined the diets of 55,500 people and found that vegans are responsible for 75 percent less in greenhouse gases than meat-eaters. Agricultural land use, including both cropland and pastureland, measured in m2. CAS Nelson, M. E., Hamm, M. W., Hu, F. B., Abrams, S. A. If meat eaters in the United Kingdom who consumed more than 3.5 ounces of a meat a day (slightly less than the size of a quarter pound burger) cut their intake to less than 1.7 ounces a day (roughly the amount of a single McDonalds meat patty) it would be the equivalent of taking 8 millions cars off the road, Dr. Scarborough said. Hit the farmer's market together, ask a few questions, bring that exotic vegetable home, break out the wine, cook it up together. Sustain. The only problem I have with these particular recipes, and this is personal to me, is that many of them include saturated fat and some quite a bit. Vegan diet has just 30% of the environmental impact of a high-meat diet A systematic review of vegan, vegetarian and omnivorous diets. We used data on the GHGs to estimate aggregated GWP100 (CH4 conversion factor = 27, N2O=273) using conversion factors from the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change46. "Chlorella supplements have the correct type of B12, known as cobalamin," said Smith, "whereas spirulina has only got what's called pseudo cobalamin so in other words, it's not the same. Article 2 and 3 represent re-analyses of the dataset and cannot simply be calculated from the data presented in Tables 24. Thank you for taking time to provide your feedback to the editors. Helping You Eat a Healthy, Balanced Diet (Public Health England, 2016). To obtain and policies. Chai, B. C. et al. Get the inside scoop on todays biggest stories in business, from Wall Street to Silicon Valley delivered daily. & Kastner, T. Land use biodiversity impacts embodied in international food trade. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-023-00795-w, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-023-00795-w. We therefore need to link data from dietary surveys of real-life dietary patterns with large datasets of environmental indicators to ascertain whether the relationship between animal-based food consumption and environmental outcomes shown in modelling studies is robust. Health and sustainability outcomes of vegetarian dietary patterns: a revisit of the EPIC-Oxford and the Adventist Health Study-2 cohorts. Global Environ. Diet-related environmental impacts vary substantially by diet groups within this cohort of UK adults which includes a large sample of vegans, vegetarians and fish-eaters. We hope that our work can encourage policymakers to take action and people to make more sustainable choices while still eating something nutritious, affordable and tasty. Finally, as the Poore and Nemecek database is not comprehensive and our uncertainty analyses are not weighted towards more common food production practices, our uncertainty intervals do not fully incorporate all the uncertainty associated with these comparisons between diet groups. 13 / 26. and M.S. Med. Life Cycle Assess. Rolling programme years 9 to 11 (2016/17 to 2018/19) (Public Health England, 2020); https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/943114/NDNS_UK_Y9-11_report.pdf, Feeding the Future Study (FEED) (Nuffield Department of Population Health, accessed 23 November 2022); https://www.ceu.ox.ac.uk/research/feeding-the-future-study-feed. All participants were residents in the UK. Previously, we estimated the dietary GHG emissions associated with real-life diet groups in the UK14. Related tags 117 Vegetarian Dinner Recipes for a Dinner Party | Epicurious Data on the environmental footprint of 57,000 foods from the foodDB project are available from the Oxford Research Archive (https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4ad0b594-3e81-4e61-aefc-5d869c799a87). 2 and 3 should be used (which account for the correlation in the uncertainty between diet groups). 13 of the Best Vegetarian and Vegan Protein Sources Tables with full results for these figures are provided in Supplementary Tables 810. The same principle is shown by rolling two dice. ADS The FFQ was used to estimate food group and nutrient intakes, and participants were classified into self-identified dietary groups (vegans, vegetarians, fish-eaters and meat-eaters) by their responses to the following four yes or no questions: Do you eat any meat (including bacon, ham, poultry, game, meat pies, sausages)? wrote the paper. vOut = vOut.toLowerCase(); if (i!=(aTags.length-1)) Jolliet, O. et al. LEE THRASH, "This is a great alternative to and healthier than meat based enchiladas. And given the number of creative,. It's a great vegetarian meal that even my meat-loving husband asks for." Article Vegetarian meals meat eaters will love 2023-07-21 - you looking for some new vegetar iaanlifreelcoinpegsvteogterytaoruiatnW, ohreythoeurryeo uurset. The environmental impacts of food products available at food retail stores. Nutr. Cardamum. and K.P. In terms of greenhouse gas emissions, people who ate more than 3.5 ounces of meat daily accounted for 22.5 pounds of carbon dioxide emissions a day due to, among other variables, the farming of livestock and land used to grow animal feed. I love these and make them about three times each month. 3 hr Black beans, sour cream, zucchini, tomato sauce, avocado No reviews Mouth-watering Vegan Recipes Meat Eaters Can't Resist 4.451 21 Easy Vegetarian Recipes So Tasty Even Meat-Eaters Will Want Seconds 3.38 Meat-Lovers' Vegetarian Chili 6 hr 55 min Black beans, poblano peppers, liquid smoke flavoring, kidney beans, beer 4.96 Then, for each food product, the percentage composition of each ingredient was estimated in a two-stage process: first, the per cent composition provided in the ingredients list by the manufacturer was used if it was provided; second, for the remaining ingredients, we used an algorithm to estimate the per cent composition of remaining ingredients using composition and nutrition information from similar products and following UK food-labelling regulations, such that the composition of all ingredients in a product sums to 100% and each ingredient accounts for at least as much of the product as the subsequent ingredient. var vOut = ""; For each food, we randomly drew 1,000 samples from the distributions of each environmental indicator in the Poore and Nemecek database (for multi-ingredient foods, this would involve drawing across multiple Poore and Nemcek categoriessee the Supplementary Data 1 for more information). Vegans and vegetarians were younger than fish-eaters and meat-eaters, and vegans reported a lower dietary intake of energy than all other diet groups. And there are some places where things are very strict and done to the best. Godfray, H. C. J. et al. The biggest thing, Smith says, is to "make sure that you have a source of B12 in your diet, even if it's supplements or pills.". When summed, these random draws produce median estimates that are larger than the sum of the medians for the individual food groups. However, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Oxford dataset (used for this analysis) is the most recent data available in the UK that has a large sample of vegan and vegetarian diets, necessary for these analyses. figshare https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13476666 (2021). The accuracy of the approach was assessed by applying the algorithm to a subset of 1,550 foods in the database where the percentages of all ingredients were known. Sci. Uncertainty intervals are 2.5th to 97.5th percentiles of a Monte Carlo analysis (n=1,000). Reporting emissions only as aggregated GWP100 totals results in ambiguity in climate impacts29, whereas providing footprints under multiple metrics gives users insight into temporal differences where there are both short- and long-lived gases involved, as highlighted by the Life Cycle Initiative30. "Lots of chopping, but oh, so, worth it. Bingham, S. A. et al. is supported by Cancer Research UK (C570/A16491 and A29186). Journal information: Chaudhary, A., Verones, F., de Baan, L. & Hellweg, S. Quantifying land use impacts on biodiversity: combining species-area models and vulnerability indicators. ISSN 2662-1355 (online). Milk would have been a useful source of hydration and calories in areas where drought was common, and in colder regions where crops are harder to grow. This site uses cookies to assist with navigation, analyse your use of our services, collect data for ads personalisation and provide content from third parties. 20 Meatless Monday Ideas That Everyone Will Love - Allrecipes Change 38, 195204 (2016). As agricultural emissions contain a substantial non-CO2 component, aggregated CO2e emission footprints can vary depending on the method used to define CO2-equivalence. Served with good-for-you green beans and . My husband has already requested them again. 2 / 11. For example, the EPIC-Oxford FFQ collects data on consumption of beef. For both water use and biodiversity impact, there are much bigger gaps for the plant-based groups (for water use, the gap emerges for vegetarians and vegans, whereas for biodiversity impact, it applies to vegans only). Arie: Oo yes, I love that idea. 15 Vegetarian Recipes for Diehard Meat Lovers For GHG emissions, there was a positive association with amount of animal-based food consumption (Table 2, Fig. Res. Sci. Here we link dietary data from a sample of 55,504 vegans, vegetarians, fish-eaters and meat-eaters with food-level data on greenhouse gas emissions, land use, water use, eutrophication risk and potential biodiversity loss from a review of 570 life-cycle assessments covering more than 38,000 farms in 119 countries. Environ. Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient found in meat, eggs, and in smaller quantities dairy products. Prior to that, she was a senior content manager at Allrecipes. for (var i=0; i < aTags.length; i++) Technol. Clark, M. A. et al. For low meat-eaters, the impact is between 37% (land use) and 67% (water use) of high meat-eaters. The 'cheese paradox': How vegetarians justify consuming animal products 89 Vegetarian Thanksgiving Recipes for a Meatless Holiday No meat? Medical research advances and health news, The latest engineering, electronics and technology advances, The most comprehensive sci-tech news coverage on the web. These cut-offs were selected as they split the cohort into three similarly sized groups and allow for direct comparison with other published studies. We're talking peace in the kitchen for vegetarians and omnivores eating together - a "Kitchen Treaty." Oftentimes, one of us will compromise. In the extreme scenario where it was assumed that no per cent composition of any ingredient was known, the algorithm on average produced estimates of environmental measures that were within 2% of the known environmental measure across all assessed products. The participants and their dietary intake are described in Table 1. Springmann, M. et al. These links are shown in the Supplementary Data 1 (Supplementary Section 1), as are the links between these 4,015 food and drink products and the food categories from the Poore and Nemecek database. Click here to sign in with 01 of 15 Chef John's Meatless Meatballs View Recipe catherine.drew "Color me impressed! is supported by the NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre at Oxford. The food system is also responsible for 70% of the worlds freshwater use and 78% of freshwater pollution2,3. My vegetarian husband loves these as well. But it is not found in plants. Red Curry Lentils With Sweet Potatoes and Spinach Visit Page https://cooking.nytimes.com Image Credit: New York Times Cooking 01 of 20. 15 Vegetarian Recipes That Meat Eaters LOVE By: Sarah Bond Updated: May 30, 2023 Leave a Comment This post contains affiliate links. A vegetarian diet isn't all just rabbit food. Many types of algae, it turns out, need B12 just like humans. For example, many were more comfortable with eating cheese than drinking milk. ), Do you eat any dairy products (including milk, cheese, butter, yoghurt)? People who follow a plant-based diet account for 75 percent less in greenhouse gas emissions than those who eat more than 3.5 ounces of meat a day, and a vegan diet also results in significantly less harm to land, water and biodiversity, according to new research from the University of Oxford.
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